The delayed and geographically heterogeneous diversification of flowering plant families. The early spread and epidemic ignition of HIV-1 in human populations. Challenges in funding and developing genomic software: roots and remedies. Earth BioGenome Project: sequencing life for the future of life. Geomolecular dating and the origin of placental mammals. Neither phylogenomic nor palaeontological data support a Palaeogene origin of placental mammals. The placental mammal ancestor and the post-K-Pg radiation of placentals. Phylogenomic datasets provide both precision and accuracy in estimating the timescale of placental mammal phylogeny. Inferring the mammal tree: species-level sets of phylogenies for questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation. Impacts of the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution and KPg extinction on mammal diversification. Bayesian molecular clock dating of species divergences in the genomics era. The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot. Dense sampling of bird diversity increases power of comparative genomics. A comparative genomics multitool for scientific discovery and conservation. This approach can be used to address other contentious cases of animal and plant diversifications that require analysis of species-level phylogenomic datasets. Our Bayesian methodology facilitates analysis of complete genomes and thousands of species within an integrated framework, making it possible to address hitherto intractable research questions on species diversifications. For example, we confidently reject an explosive model of placental mammal origination in the Palaeogene 8 and show that crown Placentalia originated in the Late Cretaceous with unambiguous ordinal diversification in the Palaeocene/Eocene. We show that increasingly larger phylogenomic datasets produce diversification time estimates with progressively smaller uncertainties, facilitating precise tests of macroevolutionary hypotheses. Here we develop a Bayesian molecular-clock dating approach to estimate a timetree of 4,705 mammal species integrating information from 72 mammal genomes. In the case of mammals, molecular-clock analyses of limited datasets have produced conflicting estimates of clade ages with large uncertainties 5, 6, and thus the timescale of placental mammal evolution remains contentious 7, 8, 9, 10. However, state-of-the-art Bayesian methods for inferring timetrees are computationally limited to small datasets and cannot exploit the growing number of available genomes 4. High-throughput sequencing projects generate genome-scale sequence data for species-level phylogenies 1, 2, 3.
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